Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Cognitive Bias Modification in Internet-Based Interventions for Mood, Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders

In this chapter, the theoretical background of (computerized) cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT/c-CBT) is presented, along with cognitive bias modifi cation (CBM), a novel set of interventions in which cognitive processes involved in a disorder are directly targeted. Next, the effectiveness of computerized CBT and CBM for common mental health disorders (depression, anxiety disorders and substance use disorders) is evaluated based on recent meta-analyses. Based on the reviewed literature, there is a reasonably strong evidence base for the effectiveness of computerized CBT interventions for depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. The evidence base for stand-alone CBM interventions is not very strong as research fi ndings are heterogeneous – some studies report positive fi ndings whereas others do not. The evidence base for CBM as an adjunct to computerized CBT interventions is accumulating with positive fi ndings regarding the effectiveness. Therefore, it is concluded that based on the currently available evidence, CBM could be a useful add-on to computerized CBT in the clinical treatment of common mental health disorders.